https://www.mulroneyinstitute.ca/ en https://www.mulroneyinstitute.ca/node/4816 <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--policy--rss.html.twig * field--node--title--policy.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--policy.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Christie v. The York Corporation (1940)</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--policy--rss.html.twig * field--node--uid--policy.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--policy.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/user/templates/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/user/61" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">taylor</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/user/templates/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--policy--rss.html.twig * field--node--created--policy.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--policy.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/system/templates/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2024-05-15T14:52:51-03:00" title="Wednesday, May 15, 2024 - 14:52">Wed, 05/15/2024 - 14:52</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/system/templates/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'ds_1col' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x ds-1col.html.twig x ds-1col.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-1col.html.twig' --> <div class="policy_title_block ds-1col clearfix"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'block' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * block--field-block--node--policy--title.html.twig * block--field-block--node--policy.html.twig * block--field-block--node.html.twig * block--field-block.html.twig * block--layout-builder.html.twig x block.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> <div class="block"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--policy---custom.html.twig * field--node--title--policy--default.html.twig * field--node--title--policy.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--policy.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Christie v. The York Corporation (1940)</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--title.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-1col.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'layout__onecol' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x layout--onecol.html.twig x layout--onecol.html.twig * layout.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/layout_discovery/layouts/onecol/layout--onecol.html.twig' --> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'block' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * block--extra-field-block--node--policy--links.html.twig * block--extra-field-block--node--policy.html.twig * block--extra-field-block--node.html.twig * block--extra-field-block.html.twig * block--layout-builder.html.twig x block.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> <div class="block"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/navigation/links.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/navigation/links.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'block' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * block--field-block--node--policy--body.html.twig * block--field-block--node--policy.html.twig * block--field-block--node.html.twig * block--field-block.html.twig * block--layout-builder.html.twig x block.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> <div class="block"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--policy---custom.html.twig * field--node--body--policy--default.html.twig * field--node--body--policy.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--policy.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ul><li><span><span><span><span><span><span>Despite a societal shift towards the introduction of anti-discrimination policies in the 1930s, there remained a point of contention, especially for the rights of merchants in how they operate their businesses (also known as the "freedom of commerce principle).</span></span></span></span></span></span></li> <li><span><span><span><span><span><span>This was proven in the Supreme Court of Canada's <span><span><span><em><span><span>Christie v. York</span></span></em></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span> decision, which ruled in favour of a merchant's rights in refusing entry of a black male into a Montreal Tavern.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></li> <li><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>In 1936, Fred Christie, along with his two friends, entered Montreal Forum's York Tavern for a drink but the waiter informed the group that due to new management, Fred Christie was not welcome in the bar any longer.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></li> <li><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>After Christie refused to leave, the police escorted the group from the premises and Christie sued the Tavern.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></li> <li><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>However, the Supreme Court of Canada ultimately ruled in favour of the merchant's rights to choose rather than Christie's right to be served (equal treatment).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></li> </ul></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'block' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * block--field-block--node--policy--field-citation.html.twig * block--field-block--node--policy.html.twig * block--field-block--node.html.twig * block--field-block.html.twig * block--layout-builder.html.twig x block.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> <div class="block"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-citation--policy---custom.html.twig * field--node--field-citation--policy--default.html.twig * field--node--field-citation--policy.html.twig * field--node--field-citation.html.twig * field--node--policy.html.twig * field--field-citation.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-citation field--type-text-long field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Citation</div> <div class="field__item"><p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><em><span><span>Christie v. The York Corporation </span></span></em></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span>[1940] S.C.R. 139, 1939. <a href="https://scc-csc.lexum.com/scc-csc/scc-csc/en/item/8489/index.do">https://scc-csc.lexum.com/scc-csc/scc-csc/en/item/8489/index.do</a></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'block' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * block--field-block--node--policy--field-further-readings.html.twig * block--field-block--node--policy.html.twig * block--field-block--node.html.twig * block--field-block.html.twig * block--layout-builder.html.twig x block.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> <div class="block"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-further-readings--policy---custom.html.twig * field--node--field-further-readings--policy--default.html.twig * field--node--field-further-readings--policy.html.twig * field--node--field-further-readings.html.twig * field--node--policy.html.twig * field--field-further-readings.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-further-readings field--type-text-long field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Further Readings</div> <div class="field__item"><p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>For more background on this Supreme Court Decision and its racial implication/legacy:</span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/fred-christie-case">https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/fred-christie-case</a> </span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span>&amp;</span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span> <a href="https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/items/show/2715">https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/items/show/2715</a> </span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span>&amp;</span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span> <a href="https://historyofrights.ca/encyclopaedia/main-events/1936-christie-case-supreme-court-of-canada/">https://historyofrights.ca/encyclopaedia/main-events/1936-christie-case-supreme-court-of-canada/</a></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'block' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * block--field-block--node--policy--field-overlapping-topics.html.twig * block--field-block--node--policy.html.twig * block--field-block--node.html.twig * block--field-block.html.twig * block--layout-builder.html.twig x block.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> <div class="block"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-overlapping-topics--policy---custom.html.twig * field--node--field-overlapping-topics--policy--default.html.twig * field--node--field-overlapping-topics--policy.html.twig * field--node--field-overlapping-topics.html.twig * field--node--policy.html.twig * field--field-overlapping-topics.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-overlapping-topics field--type-string field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Overlapping Topics</div> <div class="field__item">Federal Government Affairs</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'block' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * block--field-block--node--policy--field-policy-sub-topic.html.twig * block--field-block--node--policy.html.twig * block--field-block--node.html.twig * block--field-block.html.twig * block--layout-builder.html.twig x block.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> <div class="block"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-policy-sub-topic--policy---custom.html.twig * field--node--field-policy-sub-topic--policy--default.html.twig * field--node--field-policy-sub-topic--policy.html.twig * field--node--field-policy-sub-topic.html.twig * field--node--policy.html.twig * field--field-policy-sub-topic.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-policy-sub-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Policy Sub-Topic</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/376" hreflang="en">Racial Discrimination (Human Rights)</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'block' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * block--field-block--node--policy--field-policy-type.html.twig * block--field-block--node--policy.html.twig * block--field-block--node.html.twig * block--field-block.html.twig * block--layout-builder.html.twig x block.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> <div class="block"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-policy-type--policy---custom.html.twig * field--node--field-policy-type--policy--default.html.twig * field--node--field-policy-type--policy.html.twig * field--node--field-policy-type.html.twig * field--node--policy.html.twig * field--field-policy-type.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-policy-type field--type-string field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Policy Type</div> <div class="field__item">Supreme Court Case</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/layout_discovery/layouts/onecol/layout--onecol.html.twig' --> Wed, 15 May 2024 17:52:51 +0000 taylor 4816 at https://www.mulroneyinstitute.ca