- During the time when the Dominion of Canada was forming and expanding a series of treaties, called the Numbered Treaties, were made between the Crown and First Nations between from 1871–1921 and covered land between the Lake of the Woods, the Rocky Mountains, and the Beaufort Sea.
- The treaties were made to give land to the Crown in exchange for payments, hunting/fishing tools, and other valuables.
- As some promises of these treaties were made orally and on paper, the legacy of the Numbered treaties continue to cause legal disputes and socioeconomic hardships for Indigenous communities today.
Canada. Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada. The Numbered Treaties (1871-1921). 2013. https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1360948213124/1544620003549
Treaty Reports (Numbered Treaties)
Treaty One and Two: https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1100100028660/1564413031536
Treaty Three: https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1100100028671/1564413174418
Treaty Four: https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1100100028685/1564413292885
Treaty Five: https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1100100028695/1564413402108
Treaty Six: https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1100100028706/1564413507531
Treaty Seven: https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1100100028789/1564413611480
Treaty Eight: https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1100100028809/1564415096517
Treaty Nine: https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1100100028859/1564415209671
Treaty Ten: https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1100100028870/1564415348586
Treaty Eleven: https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1100100028912/1564415459067